Article 55 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Reduction of the parties to a multilateral treaty below the number necessary for its entry into force Unless the treaty otherwise provides, a multilateral treaty does not terminate by reason only of the fact that the number of the parties falls . . . Read more
Article 54 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Termination of or withdrawal from a treaty under its provisions or by consent of the parties The termination of a treaty or the withdrawal of a party may take place: (a) in conformity with the provisions of the treaty; or (b) . . . Read more
Article 53 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Treaties conflicting with a peremptory norm of general international law (“jus cogens”) A treaty is void if, at the time of its conclusion, it conflicts with a peremptory norm of general international law. For the purposes of the present Convention, a . . . Read more
Article 52 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Coercion of a State by the threat or use of force A treaty is void if its conclusion has been procured by the threat or use of force in violation of the principles of international law embodied in the Charter of . . . Read more
Article 51 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Coercion of a representative of a State The expression of a State’s consent to be bound by a treaty which has been procured by the coercion of its representative through acts or threats directed against him shall be without any legal . . . Read more
Article 50 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Corruption of a representative of a State If the expression of a State’s consent to be bound by a treaty has been procured through the corruption of its representative directly or indirectly by another negotiating State, the State may invoke such . . . Read more
Article 49 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Fraud If a State has been induced to conclude a treaty by the fraudulent conduct of another negotiating State, the State may invoke the fraud as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty. See also: Article 48 Vienna Convention . . . Read more
Article 48 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Error 1. A State may invoke an error in a treaty as invalidating its consent to be bound by the treaty if the error relates to a fact or situation which was assumed by that State to exist at the time . . . Read more
Article 47 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Specific restrictions on authority to express the consent of a State If the authority of a representative to express the consent of a State to be bound by a particular treaty has been made subject to a specific restriction, his omission . . . Read more
Article 46 Vienna Convention on the Law of Treaties Provisions of internal law regarding competence to conclude treaties 1. A State may not invoke the fact that its consent to be bound by a treaty has been expressed in violation of a provision of its internal law regarding competence to . . . Read more